Executive responsibility not vested in mayor belongs
to Township Committee. May delegate, by ordinance,
all or a portion of executive responsibilities to
an administrator. Township Committee may adopt an
administrative code.
Borough
NJSA:40A:60-1 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
Mayor and 6 Council. Elected at-large. Mayor has
a 4 year term. Council has staggered 3 year terms.
Partisan
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
First week in January
MAYOR
Head of municipal government. Sees that state laws
and borough ordinances are faithfully executed.
Presides over Council. Votes only to break ties.
Can veto ordinances subject to override by 2/3 majority
of Council. Appoints subordinate officers with Council
approval; after 30 days or upon Council disapproval,
Council fills posts.
COUNCIL
Legislative body of municipality. Overrides mayor's
veto by 2/3 majority of all members. Confirms mayor's
appointments. Gains appointment power upon failure
to confirm mayor's appointee or after office vacant
for 30 days. Has all executive responsibility not
placed in office of mayor.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor is head of municipal government and sees that
state laws and borough ordinances are faithfully
executed. Council has all executive responsibility
not placed in office of mayor. Council may delegate,
by ordinance, all or a portion of executive responsibility
to an administrator. Council may adopt an administrative
code.
City
NJSA:40A:61-1 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
Mayor and Council. Partisan
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
First week in January
MAYOR
Chief Executive. May participate in Council deliberations.
May vote to break ties on ordinances or resolutions.
Can veto ordinances subject to a 2/3 override by
Council. Heads police department. Appoints police
chief, captains and sergeants with Council approval.
COUNCIL
Legislative body of municipality. Overrides mayor's
veto by 2/3 majority of all members. Appoints subordinate
officials of municipality, except as provided elsewhere
by law.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor is chief executive. City may delegate, by
ordinance, all or a portion of executive responsibility
to an administrator. City may adopt administrative
code.
Town
NJSA:40A:62-1 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
Mayor and Council. Partisan
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
First week in January
MAYOR
Head of municipal government. Chairs Council with
voice and vote. Can veto ordinances subject to a
2/3 override by Council.
COUNCIL
Legislative body of municipality. Overrides mayor's
veto by 2/3 majority of all members. Appoints all
subordinate officers, except municipal clerk, tax
assessor and tax collector, who are appointed by
mayor and council. Has all executive responsibility
not placed in office of mayor.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor is head of municipal government and has all
powers vested in mayor by general law. Council has
all executive responsibility of municipality not
placed in office of mayor. Council may delegate,
by ordinance, all or a portion of executive responsibilities
to an administrator. Council may adopt an administrative
code.
Village
NJSA:40A:63-8
VOTERS ELECT
Board of Trustees. 5 members, elected at-large.
Staggered, 3 year terms.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
First week in January
VILLAGE PRESIDENT
President of the Board. Elected by Board for 1 year
term. Has voice and vote. Head of municipal government
has all powers vested in Mayor by general law.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Legislative body of municipality. Has all executive
responsibilities of the municipality not placed
in office of Village President.
ADMINISTRATION
Executive responsibilities not vested in Village
President belong to Board of Trustees. May delegate,
by ordinance, all or a portion of executive responsibilities
to an administrator. Board of Trustees may adopt
an administrative code.
Commission
NJSA:40:70-1 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
3 or 5 Commissioners. At-large, nonpartisan, 4 year
concurrent terms.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
Third Tuesday of May following election.
MAYOR
Elected by Board of Commissioners for 4 year term.
Presides over Board of Commissioners. No veto power.
COUNCIL
Board of Commissioners exercises legislative power
of the municipality.
ADMINISTRATION
Each Commissioner acts as department head. No single
chief executive.
Municipal Manager Act
of 1923
NJSA:40:79-1 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
3,5,7 or 9 Council members. At-large nonpartisan.
4 year concurrent or staggered terms.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
July 1
MAYOR
Elected by Council. Presides over Council. Serves
4 year term if concurrent elections. Serves 2 year
term if staggered elections.
COUNCIL
Council exercises legislative and policy power of
the municipality.
ADMINISTRATION
Manager is chief executive and administrative official
of the municipality. Prepares budget. Manager appoints
and removes department heads. Attends Council meetings
with voice, but no vote. Manager appoints and removes
department heads.
Faulkner Act (OMCL) Mayor-Council
NJSA:40:69A-31 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
Mayor and 5,7 or 9 Council members. Council: all
at-large or combination of wards and at-large. Partisan
or nonpartisan. 4 year concurrent or staggered terms.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
Partisan: January 1
Nonpartisan: July 1
MAYOR
Exercises executive power of the municipality, appoints
department heads with Council approval. Removes
department heads subject to Council disapproval
by 2/3 of all members. Prepares budget. Has veto
over ordinances subject to override by 2/3 of all
members of Council.
COUNCIL
Exercises legislative power of municipality, approves
appointment of department heads. Disapproves removal
of department heads by 2/3 vote of all members.
Overrides Mayor's veto by 2/3 of all members.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor exercises executive power of the municipality.
Up to 10 departments under Mayor's direction. Business
Administrator assists Mayor in budget preparation
and administers purchasing and personnel systems.
By ordinance, Business Administrator may supervise
administration of departments, subject to Mayor's
direction.
Faulkner Act (OMCL) Council-Manager
NJSA:40:69A-81 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
5,7 or 9 Council members or Mayor and 4, 6 or 8
Council members. Mayor elected at-large. Council
elected all at-large or combination of wards and
at-large. Partisan or nonpartisan. 4 year concurrent
or staggered terms.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
Partisan: January 1
Nonpartisan: July 1
MAYOR
Elected by council or voters. Presides over Council.
Council elected mayor serves a term of 1, 2 or 4
years depending on whether elections are staggered
or concurrent. Voter elected mayor serves 4 year
term.
COUNCIL
Council exercises legislative and policy power of
the municipality.
ADMINISTRATION
Manager is chief executive and administrative official
of municipality. Prepares budget. Appoints and removes
department heads. Attends Council meetings with
voice, but no vote.
Faulkner Act
(OMCL) Small Municipality
NJSA:40:69A-115 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
3, 5 or 7 Council members or Mayor and 2, 4 or 6
Council members. Elected at-large. Council: 3 year
concurrent or staggered term. Voter elected mayor
serves 4 year term. Partisan or nonpartisan elections.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
Partisan: January 1
Nonpartisan: July 1
MAYOR
Elected by voters or Council. Presides over Council
with voice and vote, but no veto. Exercises executive
power of the municipality. Appoints Council committees.
Appoints municipal clerk, attorney, tax assessor,
tax collector, treasurer with Council confirmation.
Council elected mayor serves 1 or 3 years, depending
on whether terms are staggered or concurrent.
COUNCIL
Exercises legislative power of the municipality.
Approves Mayor's appointees for municipal clerk,
attorney, tax assessor, tax collector and treasurer.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor exercises executive power of municipality.
Council may create an administrator by ordinance.
Faulkner Act
(OMCL) Mayor-Council-Administrator
NJSA:40:69A-149 et. seq.
VOTERS ELECT
Mayor and 6 council members. At-large, staggered
terms, partisan elections. Mayor: 4 year term. Council:
3 year term.
ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNING BODY
January 1
MAYOR
Presides over Council. Exercises the executive power
of municipality. Votes only to break ties. Has veto
subject to override by 2/3 of all Council members.
Appoints municipal clerk, administrator, attorney,
tax collector, tax assessor, treasurer, and department
heads with Council approval. May remove department
heads upon written notice to Council.
COUNCIL
Exercises legislative power of the municipality.
Approves Mayor's appointees for municipal clerk,
administrator, attorney, tax collector, tax assessor,
treasurer and department heads. May remove department
heads for cause after a hearing. Prepares budget
with assistance of municipal administrator and treasurer.
ADMINISTRATION
Mayor exercises executive power of the municipality.
Up to six departments may be created by ordinance.
Administrator supervises administration of each
department.
Special Charters
There are two types of special charters in New
Jersey: 1) "Orphan" charters issued by the state
legislature in the 19th century prior to the major
constitutional revision of 1875, which prohibited
"special" or locality specific legislation. Most
"orphan" charters are a variation of the weak mayor-council
type. 2) Special charters issued by the state legislature
under the provisions of the state Constitution of
1947 and NJSA 1:6-10 et seq. These special charters
defy simple classification, and include variations
of the weak mayor-council form, council-manager
form, township committee form, and the village form.
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